The Organizational Behavior in the IGOs and NGOs Research Paper

The Organizational Behavior in the IGOs and NGOs - Research Paper Example The study of organization behavior has become important as people from different backgrounds and cultural values have to work together efficiently and effectively. Organization behavior also seeks to underscore the understanding of behavior in an organization to develop competencies in foreseeing how individuals in an organization are likely to behave (Duncan and Iyer, 2010). The knowledge gathered from the study of organization behavior is helpful in controlling the behaviors that are not in any way befitting the organization’s objectives. In this regard, the purpose of studying organization behavior is to build better relationships by achieving the objectives of the organization, human objectives as well as the social objectives. The study of organization behavior is particularly important for intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) and the non-governmental organizations (NGO). This is because understanding the how people behave in an organization will help managers make adju stments where necessary. This paper will explore the concepts of organizational behavior to IGOs and NGOs. Intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) are international organizations with states being their members, and whose decision-making authority lies with the representatives from member states (Dupey and Vierucci, 2008). These organizations are also supranational in the sense that different states gives up some of their sovereignty when they agree to abide by any agreements they engage in by joining the organization. A non-governmental organization (NGO) on the other hand is a legally formed organization by natural or legal persons and functions independently from any form of government according to Dupey and Vierucci (2008). NGOs maintain their status as such by excluding government representatives from its membership. These organizations do not operate on profit motive. Relevance of concept of Organization Behavior to IGOs and NGOs Organization Culture Organizational culture refe rs to a system of shared belief and values that grows within a business and shapes the behavior of its stakeholders (Campion, 2001). An organization culture is typically created by leadership within an organization, often defined through the mission statement, shaped and sustained by the organizational policies, structure and procedures and the relationships among staff and between management of the staff (Pomsuwan, 2007). Every organization has a different organization culture. The corporate culture of IGOs and NGOs for instance, does not operate on profit motive. The corporate culture of these organizations mainly requires their employees to do what is expected of them but not the inputs. This is because these organizations are not for profit. For instance, when it comes to the provision of humanitarian assistance by these organizations, employees are only expected top do their job as defined by the mission statement of these organization. Indeed a careful scrutiny of the corporat e cultures of NGOs and IGOs reveals certain loopholes that need improvement for these organizations to function effectively. One aspect that needs to be changed in the corporate culture of NGOs to improve their functionality is the belief exerted upon employees that the organization is not for profit. This is because such beliefs create laziness and other unethical behaviors within an organization. For this reason, a new culture should be introduced that encourages employees and

Windows Server 2003 one of it's networking services NO ACTIVE Essay

Windows Server 2003 one of it's networking services NO ACTIVE DIRECTORY please (please read the description) - Essay Example But before we begin here is a little note on Windows Server 2003. According to Henry King in his book Information Today: A new Interface of the Changing World and Other Related Components, published in April 2006, Windows Server 2003 is "the name of Microsoft's line of server operating systems. It was introduced in April 2003 as the successor to Windows 2000 Server, and is considered by Microsoft to be the cornerstone of their Windows Server System line of business server products." (King, 115) And for Windows 2000 Server the WINS is the best possible service as he states "Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) introduces new features and enhancements to the WINS Service, WINS Client, and WINS Manager. WINS provides a distributed database for registering and querying dynamic computer name-to-IP address mapping in a routed network environment." (King, 148) Windows Internet Naming Service or WINS is implemented by Microsoft for NetBIOS Name Server (NBNS) on Windows. It basically acts as a name server and service for NetBIOS computer names. In other words it serves the same purpose for NetBIOS what DNS acts for the domain names. In a general form there are multiple WINS working simultaneously within a system. These WINS servers are activated in a push pull formulation. This is put forward as a better alternative for the working structure of the hub and spoke formulation. In other words the design of the WINS server is practically present in a decentralized formation where there are no traces of any focal spot. The record of the WINS service system is stored within each individual WINS server thereby making it extremely safe to handle which otherwise would have been very docile and misbalanced like many other service providing systems. In fact each part holds the exact full copy so that no record is ever lost at any point. As a result of this formation, which is unique in all the senses, the WINS service system contains no hierarchy formation. This way it is much different from the DNS. "But like DNS its database can be queried for the address to contact rather than broadcasting a request for which address to contact. The system therefore reduces broadcast traffic on the network, however replication traffic can add to WAN / LAN traffic." (King, 156) The WINS service contains a number of very interesting features like: Dynamic re-registration Increased fault tolerance Record verification and version number validation Persistent connections Dynamic record deletion and multi-select Enhanced filtering and record searching Manual tombstoning Improved management tools Export function Examples Each of the above mentioned features is unique and makes the WINS server real worthy. For example: In WINS the persistent connections is a completely configurable feature that allows unrelenting connection with every WINS server. This way the maintenance of a productive and efficient system is formed. Further more this enables the system to exterminate any and every sort of undesired replication that way the needed desired replication could be speeded up.Another very interesting feature of the WINS service is the Manual tombstoning. Manual tombstoning is used to "marks a record for deletion