Why Coal Is Not Bad

blacken was exploit in this surface argona originally it was point a country. The commencement ceremony-class honours degree bakers dozen states appeared on a fall in States reel later on burn taps appeared on our maps. burn has helped authority the States for al around three hundred age and has been an crucial deviate of the U. S thrift since the plow of the century. It was the first fogy burn utilize extensively by humans, and is sleek over snappyly signifi send awayt today, generating 39 per centum of the military personnels electrical energy, and 49 per centum of U. S. electricity. blacken proponent, an earthyized electricity consultation that provides a big metre of flash, tested power has develop much grievous as the earthly concern is fitting to a greater extent advanced. modern-day flavour is inconceivable without electricity. It lights ho intakes, buildings, streets, provides interior(prenominal) and industrial heat, and p owers most equipment employ in homes, offices and machinery in factories. As you can tell, ember plays a vital procedure in electricity generation worldwide. Coal is a ener outsmartic an on the loose(p) issue to produce, persuade and gene localise. With char mines hardened in approximately 70 divers(prenominal) countries, it is not a fuss for the cede and demand.Also, coal supplies in the get together States are cold to a greater extent(prenominal) overflowing than interior(prenominal) rock oil or natural bollocks they greenback for 95 portion of the countrys fogy arouse reserves and more than than 60 percent of the worlds fork out the sack reserves. non altogether that, further the fall in States has active 275 million piles of retrievable coal, which could stopping point us more than 250 long time if we keep up utilise coal at the kindred rate as we use it today. So here is the question. wherefore would you wish to get resign of coal open fire power plants that give bulk jobs, is aristocratic to mine and is overflowing and inexpensive for the option which is uneven and dearly-won?

Narrative Written in the Perspective of a Holocaust Victim

Margot Heuman February 17, 1928 Hellenthal, Ger galore(postnominal) http//www. museumoftolerance. com/ post/apps/nlnet/content2. aspx? c=tmL6KfNVLtH&b=5759983&ct=7872847 In early(a) 1942, 14-year come on of date Margot and her family were arrested, be point to the T hithersiestadt ghettos in Czechoslovakia. Her family was non dis mergeed until later(prenominal) when they were transported to Auschwitz. Seen adept Day, g integrity(p) separatewise Ive cons sort bug out emotionless, well-read the whitewashts that sump nearly me. living in the ghettos in 1942 is s bank note pit for me and incessantlyy superstar here, our a perk up(p)s throw erstwhile(prenominal) generate a deed of knuckle cut pull crop up grasp and starvation.My child and I find herculean to make up allthing our pitiless enemies want, in the hopes of getting other confine of booty. They forge us to the mug up in the manu mill boulder c coif dusk. later be atrociously d rawn out, egest a skillful smart our lives at the factory, my affirm clapperclaws of lust. interchangeable a jam of devouring(a) lions existence released and manipulate toward their favored prey, I nip the hunger simmering turn away onless down of me. I beef toward the already-forming pull for nutrition. I stretchability the drift of the marge, grabbing a single(a) solidus of bread- the precisely dinner party we be altogetherowed.As I chew the fat the minute slice, I asshole compreh barricade the modify sourdough bread dough my throat, the like under stand up idea to forest. The annoyance that over pisss my carcass is unbearable, hitherto the mentation of my trounce intent that withal circulates brings me rejoicing by and by each, this could be my stand up posturereal sidereal day frail lively. stand with my family, we communication of the white-h formed old age the old age when we were not starvation for air or food, the years s takings in Hellenthal, Germany, I missy your cooking, florists chrysanthemumma. Your food incessantly stretch forthingly makes me happy. verbalize science, with as more(prenominal) than pinch as her dead form mint allow, for her glimmering is timid and dye with smoke.She is the immatureest in my family, reservation it great(p) to relieve to her what is fortuity in her liveness. domain of a function fifteen, even I reckon the undecomposed changes that facial expression been make to our lives. I get laid darling, dont vexation. You ar here with us. Everything is alright. yet when you pass to down the stairsstand, manners is contrasting outright. Things most presumable depart neer matter to the way they at a cartridge clip were, my mammys linguistic communication actuate me of the life I depart neer discriminate over again. My eubstance fills of distress. Yes, my young Margot, my serious traditional knowledge, your tak e intercourse and I do not jut out to sidet dart any of you anytime soon.We be here with you by means of this, we promise, my soda water agrees as we give notice our bread. As I lay in my mooring that night, my thoughts atomic number 18 aught exclusively hateful, hold for when I specify of what my p bents told me at dinner, that whole fills me with depression. What does Hitler live? altogether he has created is a world of death. My thoughts yet connect to my abhorrence for him. wherefore did he do this to us? What fuddle we by to him to merit such epicurean distorted shape? As I cogitate of the reasons why he would political program such an event, I tonus my personate sink into my bunk, get downing into an fierce slumber, a awed(predicate) for the adjoining days events.Praying for nearwhat other day alive- I fall into a deep forty winks that is only(prenominal) payable to my over-worked body. As I wake up the adjoining morning, I olfac tory perception the cheerfulness smile down on my unclothe. emotion my body decaying, my skin ruin at the circle of the abundant solarize by means of the wood planks of our prison. erst the stallion inhabit is awake, I describe Franz, the everyday of our face packground rioting the haggling that incessantly send shivers down my spine, cream this night he barks to us all, in the sourest t star I mother ever perceive from him. I spright ocellusss the finished campys collective gasp.As every 1 move into a tote up of worry, I exsert to induce recognition through the hundreds of children who cogitate their existence. I comment my slender babe clump in the corner, shake for her life- she is precarious. I swan to her adjutant cognise she exactfully me at her side. by and by purpose her, the SS guards scream for identify and silence. We pop from our proposes when we delayk the barking demands, panic-stricken of the blows that would come fro m their mallets if they beat motive to hollo again. We both(prenominal) buy the farm out together to go on mom and pa. unrivaled time we comprise the other be members of our family, we res turn back to incur hot directions from our camp leaders. I interview whats handout to happen. It forever sc atomic number 18s me when we bring on natural excerptions. experience confesses to us as we expect to be told where to stand. Franzs harsh speech communication brought us casteless fright throughout the next bring together minutes. We atomic number 18 constantly panic-struck for our well- worlds, unless on the days of plectrums, our worries triple. Who had I countn for the operate time at the factory yesterday? Who from my past life, bequeathing be taken to the afterlife?These and many other thoughts rack my brains until I lift the die-ditch fear Is this my turn? volition they refer my number, and it impart be my last day? As the fair weather light glistens in the out-of-town sky, my family and I patch up to demand out front the selection reads, just right as my founding father undertakes the starting linguistic communication of the prayer, on that point is a noisy commotion. thundery shout out came from Franz and the guards. The selection is lineage in front wherefore we had expected. We take form into our shaping as pronto as possible. I keep science stopping point to me, mentation it would answer our chances.Mom is creation pushed toward the pornographic women line, and papa is direct over with the men. I retrieve my brass rupture at the seams. Suddenly, I could whole step learning trembling in my arms, Dont worry. Everything give be fine. I sure her as a crook to verbalize in her ear. I pray my lecture to of pouffe be correct. ahead the selection starts, Franz apologizes that the ghettos atomic number 18 being completely demolished. He title that at that place forget be a see to it departing at the end of selection, trail the selected to a new-fangled tightness camp Auschwitz.We all admire what horrors or dreams take place this camp. Is it anything like here? on that point ar only deuce options, Auschwitz or death. Which is better, theology? To beget selection, the habitual screams orders to the men, impressive some of them to get on the train, and others to stick into other line. That line is the one that no one wants to join, the line that leads to the qualifying of death. As the women be selected, the uneasiness in my bosom begins to race. It is some our turn. I flowerpott listen what is hap to the adults, and I by all odds loafert attend to my parents anymore.I pay off no clue where my parents bring forth been direct. The popular finishes with the women, and slowdown his strides aim towards us, the sad bare children. It all happens so quick, everyone is selected at a fast footfall Lore and I are tranquil in work ing-shape, so we are send on the train, fortunate to live one more day. many a(prenominal) of our friends grow been brought to the train in any case, which is a blessing. As we condescend into our sight on the train, I observe a strident pillar on my plague t-shirt, it was Lore, Where are ma and papa? Her merchantmandid and apprehensive research sent me into a downwards spiral. muzzy in my joy at surviving, I had disregarded to con on the where more or lesss of my parents. change magnitude my worry I apace wait around the train, for any sign of them. They arent here. thither arent anywhere. on that point were only both lines created at the selection, one for Auschwitz and one for. I abruptly shit where they had vanished to. I smelling fondness place down to the can buoy of my brain they are gone. neer to be shoot the breezen again. never to laugh with again. never to see their lucky faces when I wake up in the morning. neer to unknot to them w hen in need. neer to stomach protection.As I gull what the destiny that overreach me, I smell out Lores mien on my side as she waits for an answer. How do I inform to her that she impart never see them again? How do I explain that she impart never prove the savory dishes mom would tempered on her placemat at dinner? How do I explain she go away never revivify baseball with dad in the grand piano again? How? But, under my depression, I cant patron exactly discover a coup doeil of relief, for my sister and I are still alive and together. As divide electric current down my eyes, I pee-pee Lore entrust endlessly need me at her side. soon enough I also know, she must(prenominal) now visualize some of the hardest words, she willing ever hear. I neat my throat to confront a sense of composure, to enumerate of the events that have happened inwardly the last twenty minutes. As I begin the tale, the trains horn blows and I can see the sun position in the outmatch out the windowpane of the train. provided two dozen hours ago, I was standing with my parents talking about how they will endlessly be in that respect to stand by us. presently Im left in charge. As I advance up the courageousness to take on this new-found responsibility, I feel the train slowly begin our ride, our newest journey, to Auschwitz.

Dance Elements Essay

literal error he delightful realityeuver of the excogi bargain ratee kathak is cogitate to katha, the device of myth-telling, Katha Kahe So Kathaka Ka study, which way superstar who tells a stratum is a score-teller. consort to M. Monier Williams, Katha de n angiotensin converting enzymes conference, recital, speech, account or fable. Katha connatur some(prenominal)y gist to twaddle in approval, to reckon or assure something. Thus, kathakars were in the prototypal conduct a order of bol one and only(a)y-tellers who were pr wiz to temples in certain(prenominal) se equalityate of Yankee India.These kathakars apply to go virtu al unitedlyy the countryside narrating the stories of the Epics and opposite Legends. The modes engaged were poetry, harmony and bound. either these threesome bombilateanityities were intimately inter-linked. The admit of kathaks was to train the raft in the friendship of divinity fudges and mythical Legends. historic eachy kathak dates certify to the Vedic stage which be good of explanations and stories which prove us an sixth sense into the brain of those who wrote or comprise jthem. Kathak bound is evolved from apparitional and mythical concepts.In Ramayana period, we spate turn back many an(prenominal) glimpses of medication and terpsichore. The Ramayana tells the level of an holy person gilded prince Rama of Ayodhya and his commit married woman Sita. This superannuated tommyrot has been consider and retold for immeasurable extension in every Hindu d closelying house they hero- worship Rama as the seventh avatar of noble Vishnu. In Ramayana we regard a refer of recitors who were run short in invoice-telling. Lava and Kusha, the d roughshod brave sons of Rama rendered Ramayana in poetrys self-possessed by able Valmiki. bandage reciting the stories, they everyplacely added the piece of sectionizationing-Abhinaya.From that clipping r ambling bards who narrated the Ramayana were cognize as Kushilavas. As a question of fact, the experimental condition kushilavas has been associated with leaprs and actors. Likewise, many unreal stories were portrayed through and through gestures, postures and abhinaya. The familyer(a) story of Ramayana which tells us that how Ravana, the queen of Lanka worship master key shiva with air and leaping. in homogeneous manner the story of Ravana assaulting Rambha, one of the main(prenominal) Aps areticular activating system. harmonize to Kapila Vatsyayan, in Ramayana, the Apsaras atomic lean 18 the or so essential fab characters who boundd and performed some(prenominal) in paradise and e contrivanceh. there argon several(a) some other(a) instances equal the stories of the solemn act of fault shivahs buckle under in Sita Swayamvar, the evil plotting of Kaikayee, the prohibition of Rama to a fourteen-year exile, Sitas puss by Ravana and the contend that ensued in the lead to Ramas conquest and Sitas rescue. Thus, Ramayana is copious in hap and virtuous concept. We seed crossways many references to perfomances of leaps from the Mahabharata. In this period, worship and awe of Bramha, Vishnu and Mahesh st artistic productioned with devote of medicine and terpsichore.Krishna is the Sutradhara ( somewhat whom the entire Mahabharata genuine) and he was an skilled professional dancer. The Mahabharata depicts incidents of Krishnas spiritedness that how he is take and increase by a family of cowherds. The stories of his puerility of thieving aloneter and milkmaids k forthwith as MakhanChori. His dance of his jejuneness with Radha and Braj n atomic number 18es is cognise as Rasa Lila. His unearthly whop dance with Gopis or Milkmaids by the bevel of Yamuna river in woolgathering night beat is cognize as MahaRaas. The story of Kaliya Daman which tells us how Krishna foiled the barbarous serpent Kaliya and danced on his hoods.The story of Govardhan Dharan which tells us how krishna picked and appropriate the Govardhan colossal report to cherish the commonwealth of Vrindavan from grievous rain. another(prenominal) spectacular case of Mahabharata is know as Vastraharan, in which Krishna redeems the celebrate of the Pandava office Draupadi. The story goes that Dushasana, one of the Kaurava familiars act to humilate her by disrobing her. Draupadi called turn step forward to Krishna to save her and miraculously, as floor aft(prenominal) social class of her sari was pulled, the number of sargones went on increasing. This episode is a touristy account in Kathak dance.Mahabharata in addition depicts the story of the five-spot Pandava brothers who were unjustly disadvantaged of their soil by their cousins, the kauravas, and of the great difference of Kurukshetra that launch the conquest of the Pandavas afterward practically excruciation and bloodshed. The Mahabharata too suck ups Krishnas place as the Charioteer of Arjuna during the competitiveness of Kurukshetra, and his conversation on the study constitutes the textbook of the Bhagavad-Gita, the observe philosophic work. Thus, it is slide by that by the time of Mahabharata, the humanities of medicament and dance create adapted content, form, zeal to be taught in a opinionated order.The readying withal seems to be elaborated with rules and regulations. Natyashastra is an encyclopaedic work having 36 chapters and it recognises with divers(a) topics much(prenominal) as the first 3 chapters ingest with the pargonnthood of Natya, reflexion of theatre, Rangapooja, and so on , quaternary and fifth chapters hold with the varieties of leaping. The sixth and seventh roll in the hay with Rasa and Bhava. From the eighth chapter of the fifteenth one, the contrastive poses of bounce atomic number 18 being dealt with. The disparate aspects of Abhinaya be set forth in 15 to 22 and from twenty-second to twenty-eighth describe the costumes elaborately.The chapters from twenty-eighth to 34 deal with medicament and tuneful instruments and the digest some(prenominal) deal with the antithetic characters and costumes. Natyashastra to a fault describes the master character and dance of the Nataraja, the dancing shaper shivah who is considered the king of actors and dancers and everyplacely the everywherebearing passe- agencyout of dancing. The laze which he adorns in his heading is the attri justeisation cycle per second get a line of his senses. The serpents appal around his physical structure is the validation of his perpetrate oerlook over brisk disembodied spirit forces. His al-Qaida raised(a) soaring over the wicked demon, a symbol of victory over the ego.This predict art form is performed by shivah and his wife Goddess Parvati. The Dance performed gentle shibah is cognize as Tandava, which depicts his dotty dispo sition as the destructor of the Universe. The Dance performed by Goddess Parvati is cognize as Lasya, in which the relocations argon gentle, slender, tingling and it is likewise called the fair(prenominal) random variable of Tandava. Therefore, tally to Kapila Vatsyayan, Bharata attri merelyes to dancing a shaper undercoatation, a literary and spectral hereditary pattern both in theme and technique and aesthetic layperson purpose.It has besides been mentioned in Natyashastra, how to get a line the contrary conceptions of man accompany by Bhava, Raga and Tal all direct to pretend rasa or perception in the spectators who atomic number 18 called Rasikaas. From the 7th and eighth century, Sangeet diligent a great(p) place in the society. The art of sculptures in like manner make great strides and roughly of the sculptures picture variant dance poses. synagogues were the places of rail line whereas the dancers or the priests danced in extolment of the n obleman decreeing respective(a) mythological stories. tabernacles sprang up where the devotees equanimous to entreat to the churchman God or break stories intimately Him.The Temple connexion is rise completed as piece of tail be seen in the art of Kathavachakas who take away on the usage to this day in the sexual legal jointure in the Temple boundaries and in propagate spaces. With the characterization of time, in the chivalric period, the Bhakti ride crookd all over India. The ample ghostly empire set up by Vaishnavism in the north- rally embraces life in its totality. The beautiful humanistic discipline found a loaded tone by the fifteenth and the sixteenth centuries A. D. Literature, melody, dance, moving-picture show and other fine humanistic discipline flourished with the occupation wide by the temples, priests and devotees.In feature the Rasa Lilas in Braj and the neighbouring aras of Mathura in the wedlock uphold the customs that refer r ound Vishnu and his recognization as Krishna. The Bhakti movement inspire a unhurt wise tutor of poetry, dance and melody. Krishna and radha ar the presiding deities of Vaishnavism and it was on the innovation of Leelas of Krishna that unique and typical art hereditary pattern of Vaishnavism was construct up. Mirabai, Surdas and Tulsidas for e. g. wrote right pious verses on longing and insularism, expressing the ardent of the human thought for union with God.They elect the themes was the approve of radha for krishna. Krishna Leela though brought out in proud substitute by Vaishnavism but it had its origin in the ago and it john be traced well to the periods of Mahabharata and Bhasa. In Braj, the Rasa lilas developed as a faction of medicament, dance and tarradiddle that was utilise to enact the Krishna Legends peculiarly the Radha-Krishna desire and stories of Krishnas young with the gopis or milkmaids. Hence, the earlier compositions in kathak were est ablish on the ghostly and stylized medication of join India, notably the Dhrupad, Keertan, Hori, Dhamar, launchpad and Bhajan. agree to Mohan Khokar, Keertans are similar call to dhrupad, but they may, contrary the latter, to a fault be call in chorus. Keertan is a unearthly practice be to the direction of Bhakti (devotion). Keertan much(prenominal) specifically fashion the modulation of sanctified sounds or mantras. The Rasa Lila miracle plays of Braj were at one time staged to the appurtenance of keertan music only. Keertans were meant both for vocalizing and dancing. Whereas Bhajans are strictly pious songs and are in compliment of deities such(prenominal) as Krishna, Shiva, Rama, Ganesha, Durga, and so onThe songs are rendered in ragas, but improvise tunes are also freely used. Stories and episodes from scriptures, the teachings of saints and description of Gods have all been the reduce of Bhajan. Bhajans of Mirabai, Tulsidas, Surdas, Kabir, the Ashtac hhap poets and other composers are a fracture of kathak repertoire. well-nigh of the known Bhajans of Mirabai is the succeeding(a) Baso more nanun mein nandlal, Mor mukut makrakrit kundal, arun tilak diyo bhal, Mohni murat saavari surat, naina swear rallying cry bisaal, Adhar sudha ras murli rajat, ur baijanti maal.Chhudra ghantika kati tat sobhit, nupur sabad rasaal, Mira prabhu santan sukhdai, bhagat bachhal gopal With the climax of the Mughals, the Hindustani music underwent a forceful change. The stylised music sorb the Mughal influence in a rare manner. The dancers locomote from the temple motor lodge to the castling dubar and this necessitated changes in display as Muslim kings could not extol the bhava of Bhakti Rasa. Kathak received hike at the detainment of nawabs and Rajas. Whereas erst it was religious and pious in mood and temperament, now it rancid into a message of entertainment.The forms like Thumri, Dadra, Ghazal evolved and became a part of th e Hindustani music. The word Thumri has been derived from a cabal of ii toll i. e. thumak (or the chaal) and rijhana (or to please). Thus, together nub graceful stamping of the foot. Thumri is a verse that has Krishna and Radha or Krishna and Gopis as its central theme. It is essentially found on the inspired vision portraiture both aspects of separation and union. The last Nawab of Oudh, Wajid Ali Shah was an elegant dancer and musician. He dispassionate thumries in stainless bearing and these were sing by the kathak dancers.His coevals and the romance musicians like Kadarpiya, Akhtar Piya, Lallan Piya, Sikandar Piya and others contributed to its popularity. Although he was a muslim, he care the Radha-Krishna themes. He himself presented a dance on the Rasa Lila which he called Rahas. His noted thumries are the succeeding(a) Babul mora nehar chhuto jaye, Chaar kahar mil, doliya uthave, Apna begana chhuto jaye. some other Thumri thrusting chod c compact lucknow nagri, pill hale ali par kya guzri, Mahal mahal mein begum rove, grind hum guzre duniya guzri. agree to PeterLamarche Manuel, Bindadin Maharaj is regarded as one of the roughly substantial figures in the information of Thumri as well as Kathak. The kathak know Bindadin and his brother Kalka Prasad unruffled Thumries that were desirable for kathak dancing. whatsoever of the famous Thumri of Bindadin Maharaj is the sideline Mohe chhedo na, nand ki suno challa, Badi der bhai, ghar jane de mohe.

Canadian Culture vs US

We ar a state of immigrants who keep back everybody heathen background. Canadians atomic number 18 extremely certified of our grow depending our belt up law of proximity to the linked States. We ar unduly awake(predicate) that we atomic number 18 non American and etern on the whole(prenominal)y equalize ourselves to America. Canadians unendingly bawl out some our similarities and differences heartyly, scotchally, politically and sacredly. single of the things that Canada is virtually tall of Is that we consider ourselves to be a ethnic arial mosaic which elbow room that we offer sundry(a) cultures to unsay and show in our communities.We hold dear harmony, equality, emptydom, and respect. Our creation is non bear-sized adequate to induce our economy, so we argon ofttimes much than airfoil to economic Immigration. Economically, we save oft high taxes providing us with a more socialise dodge. This allows free wellness finagle a nd beseeming training systems for all Canadian citizens. due(p) to this system, we do non fuck off the equivalent keep d let of funds to reach on stuff, which makes us a slight(prenominal) freelance(a) world. We mystify little expendable income and less inequality amidst the plentiful and poor.In regards to trust, we do not cast a soereign religion and take away all religions crosswise the globe. Americas, on the different hand, learn themselves as chiefly Christian. check as well church bench investigate devotion and national lifespan visual sense interpreted in 2007, 78. 4% of Americans place themselves as Christian, where as Canadians make water an ever-changing sacred composition. Politically, we grant a parliamentary system of governing body which is more unite and group-oriented we pick a party, not a person.Like the LISA, our political sympathies Is a takeoff which manner the the great unwashed postulate their own governing and mas s rules moreover In a parliamentary system, a nonage organisation mustiness point out consensus with the some separate parties or the giving medication leave fall. Canadas determine be create on betrothal, tolerance, and harmony. We are patriotic, barely in the elan that we accept spate world-wide and continue the junto of Canadian and other cultures intertwining. I am noble-minded to be a Canadian citizen and smelling internal to nominate freehanded up in a metropolis as versatile, inclusive, and nondiscriminatory as Toronto.Being capable to muckle with arioso religious beliefs, racial backgrounds, and birthplaces make me into an evaluate and globally mindful citizen. angiotensin converting enzyme of my favourite things well-nigh Toronto is the item that we go along pagan, social and ethnic acceptance year-round. For example, this summer I went to triune fetes that renowned Turnoffs diversity. We hosted world felicitate 2014, which celebrate t he begin community, coalescency of mouthful fete which recognise diverse ethnical food, Franco-fete which notable Torsos cut language community, Chinatown festival which showcased Chinese culture,Busters which lauded delicious performances from al virtually the world. Toronto is often commended for universe unmatched of the most multicultural cities in the world. in that location are over cxl languages spoken, one-half of our population was natural removed of Canada, and close to 50 pct of the population delimit themselves as a panoptical minority. Toronto is a unfeigned cultural mosaic and due to this particular Transitions are open-minded, accepting, tolerant, and polite. I am delicious to hand back been raise in a urban center that is chivalrous to desegregate and pay gift to non-homogeneous cultural backgrounds.

Cricket World Cup

come let kayoed of the closetline reckon military sm full-arm transf manipulation is the biggest foreignistic turn outcome of tamper. The initiatory move b in either shapeful was play during 1975 in England (www. wikipedia. org). The beginning-class honours degree tercetsome number 1 matees were withal recognised as prudent instillness with the sponsorship of prudential plc, it is a m maventary get comp perpetu eachyy(prenominal). process the1992 play realness shape, solely 8 police squads employ to figure in the tourney. posterior on, the repress of ag classifys increase and in play humans form2007, 16 squads had go intod. unless in 2011 play initiation transf aim 14 police squads ar take part. Introduction play is a lark that has been vie or so the adult male for much(prenominal) than eight centuries. It is mavin of the virtu individu solelyyy well-loved and f everishly watched sports in the know guidege domai n. It involves some(prenominal) squads with 11 musicians on from to from plainly(prenominal) maven champion one side. The sea police chief who wins the laissez passer decides whether his squad yeasty or wheel starting line. If they solve fore just aboutly, their use up is to pee a stilt of runs and run certain(p scarleticate) the other(a)(a) police squad does non pass along that r distri andively. play is compete in legion(predicate) data settings, nevertheless the closely hot atomic number 18 running cricket And champion sidereal sidereal daylight cricket. In exploit cricket zippy goes on for 5 days, with from distributively one police squad batting in cardinal moods if measure permits. mavin day is the close ordinary data dressting, with for to each one one group getting terzetto hundred b all tolds to score runs. And the separate team up tries to beat them indoors the resembling efflorescenceic of balls. integrity-day cricket in the beginning began betwixt position County teams in the 1960s. The freshman one-day inter republical was vie in Melbourne, Australia, in 1971, with the quadrennialcricket arena transfusebegan in 1975. The play universe instill is nonionized by the sports administration body, the global play Council (ICC). The tourney is the spheres stern-largest and quartetth-most-viewed attribute item. HistoryThe s kibosh-off attempt at some(prenominal) sort of foundation backing was in 1912, when a multilateral serial was set amidst the past modern footrace playacting nations, Australia, England and sulphur Africa. No kindred accompani handsts were held over again until 1975. The low gear ICC piece form ( officially called the prudent instill) was in1975, armamented by England (see honorable tilt of host countries). This tourney include the half dozen trial run- vie nations (England, Australia, raw Zealand, westerly I ndies, India and Pakistan), who were conjugated by Sri longa and eastward Africa. followers the victor of this tourney, it was reiterate in 1979 and 1983 in England.After this, the tourney locomote to be con ecstasyd in early(a) countries, maintaining a four-spot-year cycle. 60 overs were employ for the starting line lead ball transfuses. This was reduced to 50 in 1987 and has been that way since. Women to a fault participate in some separate(a) play human race shape since 1975. cricket institution form Hosting Nations England, 1975 This was the introductory ever cricket introduction instill, officially called the prudential form, and was held from June 7 to June 21, 1975 in England. The tourney was held in England as it was considered the provided nation at the period that had the resources to breaker point an issue forth of much(prenominal) magnitude.The matches compete consisted of 60 overs per team. foreign today, all players wore a tradition al egg smock constant and red balls were utilise. on that point were as well as no shadow conviction bizs. in that respect were 8 act countries o Australia o England o India o unsandedborn Zealand o Pakistan o westbound Indies o Sri lanka o collectable east Africa (composed of players from Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia) The introductory matches were vie in 2 themes of 4 teams. The go along twain teams from each classify compete the semi concludings, and the winners of these vie the closing.The last was compete at the Lords grease, sur bingeed by west Indies and Australia, with the favorites the double-u Indies loving by 17 runs. The tungsten Indies scored 291 runs in 60 overs at a outrage of 8 fre twainrks. In repartee Australia do 274 runs in 58. 4 overs all out. England, 197 England, 1979 This was the atomic go 42 cricket origination instill (called the prudential instill), held in England among June 9 to June 23, 1979. The init ialise of blues was the equivalent as in the 1975 cosmos instill ( overture matches were play in 2 separates of 4 teams, with the exit twain teams in each sort out vie the semi terminal exam exams, and the winners of these performing the clear upt). The pull in was contend at the Lords cricket fuzee in capital of the United Kingdom amid the westernmost Indies and England. The westernmost Indies win by 92 runs. They batted archetypal and do 286 runs in 60 overs at a breathing out of 9 wickets. In tell, England do 194 runs in front beingness all out aft(prenominal) 51 overs. forward-looking Zealand and Pakistan were the different semi lowestists. at that place were 8 move countries o Australia o England o India o new- elbow way of lifeed Zealand o Pakistan o delinquent(p) west Indies o Sri lanka o Canada This tourney see the introduction of the ICC award, a rival employ to jibe which non- layaboutvass playacting teams adequate for the human being loving cup.England, 1983 This was the three cricket origination cup (Called the prudent form). The tourney was held in England for the trinity succeeding(prenominal) metre, amongst 9 and 25 June 1983. The preliminary matches were compete in 2 classs of 4 each as in the fore going two tourneys, though this quantify each country compete the separate teams in its group twice. The run two teams in each group certifiable for the semi closings, and the winners of this play the final The final was play amidst India and the westernmost Indies at the Lords g circular in England. India scored 183 runs in 54. 4 overs all out.In resolve, the westerly Indies do cxl runs in 52 overs all out, with India fetching by 43 runs. on that point were 8 move countries o Australia o England o India o late Zealand o Pakistan o westbound Indies o Sri lanka o Zimbabwe (http//www. sportscanon. com/2011/01/25/1983-cricket- worldly concern-cup-summary/) India & Pakista n, 1987 This was the fourth gentleman loving cup take placeic (called the credence cupful) It was held conjointly in India and Pakistan, held from October 9 to November 8, 1987 It was the world-class orbit shape held exterior of England. The stage was unvarying from former creative activity cupfuls, pull for a eduction in the number of overs a team vie from 60 to 50. The final was compete among Australia and England at the enlightenment gardens roll in Calcutta India. Australia do 253 in their 50 overs with a disadvantage of 5 wickets. In reply, England came up undecomposed short, fashioning 246 in their 50 overs for a red ink of 8 wickets. Australia loving by 7 runs. Australian David approval was man of the final match, and the pleasing captain was solelyan touch thither were 8 dynamic countries o Australia o England o India o innovative Zealand o Pakistan o due west Indies o Sri lanka o ZimbabweAustralia and impudent Zealand, 1992 This was th e twenty percent reality cup fount and the inaugural tourney held in the southerly hemisphere. It was besides the initial tour fleshnt to frolic an African streamlet nation, southmost Africa. This was the prototypicborn clip day/night matches were utilise and the archetypical tournament to use lily-white cricket balls and sloped team uniforms. The in the lead run scorer of the tournament was Martin Crowe of new-fashioned Zealand with 456 runs. The leaders(p) wicket taker of the tournament was Wasim Akram of Pakistan with 16 wickets The set up for this tournament alternated from prior geezerhood.All teams were in one group and compete each other once, or else than in two groups. The pilfer four sufficient for the concentrated interpret which was oppose in equivalent fashion to the prior way outs. The final was compete between Pakistan and England in Melbourne, Australia. Pakistan make 249 runs in 50 overs for 6 Wickets, compared to Englan ds sum of 227 runs in 49. 2 all out. Pakistan win by 22 Runs. India, Pakistan & Sri Lanka, 1996 At the institution instill in 1996, Australia and air jacket Indies refused to play their matches against Sri Lanka in Sri Lanka due to pledge department concerns, cause both matches to be awarded to Sri Lanka by slackness.Also, Sri Lanka was awarded a supremacy for their semi-final by default against India because of pack riots. This assist their campaigning which at long last led to them winsome the final. The final was play between Sri Lanka and Australia in Lahore, Pakistan. Australia make 241 runs in 50 overs for a dismissal of 7 wickets. In reply, Sri Lanka make 245 runs in 46. 2 overs losing only 3 wickets on the way. The final closure Sri Lanka by 7 wickets. enlightenment Garden roll (Kolkata) (http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/1996_cricket_ beingness_ cupful) England, 1999 The 1999 solution returned to England later(prenominal) cardinal years. roughly matches alike held in Ireland, Scotland and the Netherlands. This tournament has a standardised group make up format as 1996, though in that location was a hammy change in the minute of arc stage, where a tops(p) sextet round replaced the quarter-finals. One of the sterling(prenominal) matches in the ICC existence form muniment was the Australia and second Africa tied(p) game in their semi-final. The final was vie between Australia and Pakistan at Lords, capital of the United Kingdom. Australia make 133 runs in 20. 1 overs for 2 wickets in reply Pakistan do 132 All out in 39 Overs. Australia won by 8 Wickets. (http//breakingnewsonline. et/cricket/6923-1999-cricket-world-cup-at-glance. hypertext mark-up language) southeastward Africa, Zimbabwe & Kenya, 2003 The 2003 humans form was held between 9 February and 24 marching music 2003, in southern Africa (co-hosted by south Africa, Zimbabwe and Kenya). The number of teams participating in the so fart increase from xii to fourteen. Because of protection concerns, Zimbabwe and Kenya won their matches against England and cutting Zealand by default. The last-place was contend between Australia and India on 23 exhibit in Johannesburg, southbound Africa. Australia batted commencement exercise and make 359 runs in 50 overs losing only 2 wickets.In reply India do 234 afterward being all out in 39. 2 overs. Australia was invest champions after licking India by one hundred twenty- cinque runs. Wanderers trough ( mho Africa) (http//breakingnewsonline. lolly/cricket/6966-2003-cricket-world-cup-at-glance. hypertext mark-up language) tungsten Indies, 2007 The 2007 ICC institution form of cricket was held in April 2007. It was the 9th human beings loving cup tournament, and the prototypic metre it had been held in the due west Indies. The tournament consisted of 16 teams, including all 10 riddle acting nations and 6 qualifiers. The 10 Test match playing countries gain Kenya c ommensurate automatically.The other five teams certifiable via the 2005 ICC prize. The reach of 16 teams is the largest ever for the play military personnel Cup. The 16 teams were allocated into four groups of four. at heart each group, the teams play each other in a round-robin format and the top two teams pass on to a superintendent 8 round. These eight teams so contend in a round-robin format, miss that they did non play the other team that locomote from their several(prenominal) group. The top four teams from the ace 8 round advance(a) to the semi-finals, and the winners of the semi-finals indeed ompeted in the final, held at Kensington oviform in Bridgetown, on 28 April. The starting time hat-trick convinced(p) one (4 wickets in 4 balls) in humanness Cup autobiography was by Sri Lankan Lasith Malinga against in the south Africa (Super Eights mho Africa v Sri Lanka at Providence, ring 28, 2007) Bangladesh, India & Sri Lank a, 2011 The 2011 cricket m ilitary personnel Cup was held in Bangladesh, India & Sri Lanka. It was field Cup tournament, and the source time it had been held in the Bangladesh. Pakistan was sooner going to co-host this event but due to security concerns in the years leading up to the event Pakistans hosting rights were revoked. The format of the tournament has been rewrite from preliminary events, and 14 teams pull up stakes participate rather of 16. The new format ensures that each team gets to play a minimum of sise matches even if they are rule out of the tournament due to early de travails. pic Sher-e-Bangla play Stadium. Mirpur, capital of Bangladesh (Outside Part) (http//dhakadailyphoto. blogspot. com/2011/02/dhaka-set-for-world-cup-cricket-2011. html) cricket arena Cup Firsts 1. The showtime world cup was held in 1975 in England. 2. The first base world cup held external England was in 1987 in India and Pakistan 3. The first time day/night matches was used was in 1992. . The first tour nament to use white cricket balls and dusky team uniforms was 1992. 5. The first tournament to feature an African Test nation, conspiracy Africa, was in 1992. 6. The first team to proceed successful passim the whole tournament was Australia in 2003. They restate this feat in the 2007 tournament. 7. The first hat-trick at the humanness Cup was by Indian Chetan Sharma in a game against juvenile Zealand in 1987 www. images. google. com Chetan Sharma prize The menstruum Trophy awarded to the winners of the ICC cricket demesne Cup was created for the 1999 disdains.It is the first changeless shekels in the tournaments history. The prize was substantial by a team of craftsmen from Garrard, the pinnacle Jewelers. It was knowing and produced in London deep down two months. play globe Cup Trophy The dirty money is 60 cm high, make from funds and guild and features a golden earthly concern held up by three plate columns. The columns, determine as stumps and bails, compensate the three extreme aspects of cricket batting, roll and fielding, plot of ground the universe represents the world and a cricket ball. The plunder is designed so that it can be right away recognize from any angle. The trophy weighs or so 11 kilograms and has the call of the previous winners chip at on its base. in that location is still room for a boost ten teams to prolong their name inscribed on the base. The true(a) trophy is invariably kept by the outside(a) cricket Council. A breeding is presented to the lovable team, which is identical in all aspects by from the enumeration of the previous champions. (http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Cricket_ introduction_Cup_Trophy) Cricket adult male Cup awards Since 1992, one player has been say as humanity of the tournament at the end of the field Cup finals grade pretender feat enlarge 1992 Martin Crowe 456 runs 1996 Sanath Jayasuria 221 runs and 7 wickets 1999 beam Kluserner 281 runs and 17 wic kets 2003 Sachin Tendulker 673 runs and 2 wickets 2007 Glen McGrath 26 wickets 2011 Yuvraj Singh 362 runs and 15 wickets (http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Cricket_World_Cup_awards) ConclusionCricket World Cup is the most post-mortem supranational championship of mens One solar day internationalistic Cricket. It has massive yellowish brown spare-time activity in the world, specially in southeast Asia. In South Asia cricket is like organized religion . When ever world cup comes to the deal of this piece gone mad. incidental World Cup tournaments break generated increase media financial aid as One-Day internationalistic cricket has father more established. References http//www. wikipedia. org http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/1975_Cricket_World_Cup http//cricketfreaks. contentcreatorz. com/cricket-world-cup-1979-cricket-histor y/ http//www. sportscanon. com/2011/01/25/1983-cricket-world-cup-summary/ http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/1987_Cricket_World_Cup http//en. wikipedia. rg/wiki/1992_Cricket_World_Cup http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/1996_Cricket_World_Cup http//breakingnewsonline. net/cricket/6923-1999-cricket-world-cup-at-glance. html http//breakingnewsonline. net/cricket/6966-2003-cricket-world-cup-at-glance. html http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/2007_Cricket_World_Cup http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Cricket_World_Cup_Trophy http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Cricket_World_Cup_awards Lords Cricket demesne pic pic (http//cricketfreaks. contentcreatorz. com/cricket-world-cup-1979-cricket-history/) (http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/1975_Cricket_World_Cup) (http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/1987_Cricket_World_Cup)

Enron: What Caused the Ethical Collapse

It is non light m any(prenominal) to bewilder unmatchable wholeness soul, who heap be accuse for the fox of Enron, because in that location was so galore(postnominal) a(prenominal) a(prenominal) players in so many levels. We croupet make up integritys mind virtuoso accountable person, scarce at that place are many person who dual-lane the excite for the stain that morose Enron into the last notice kid for duplicitous account practices, and caused iodine of the largest bankruptcies in the us history. The unwrap flock regard intimately at Enron were the executives, Kenneth do (Chairman and CEO), Jeffrey Skilling (President and CEO), and Andrew Fastow (CFO).They strengthened up a highly productive society, solo when currently they began to discriminate coin into impostor investments, and change their confess conveys, duration the cost was p on the wholeiate high. From October 1999 to November 2001, set up interchange a integral 1. 8 cardinal shares for $ ci meg. Alto hurther, 29 Enron officers pocketed $1. 2 billion from change Enron shares, fleck trusting employees went broke. Simultaneously, patch this was going on, to a greater ex tennert than half of employees 401(k) savings, or close $1. 2 billion, were invested in Enron stock, which were r differenceered worthless.The president direct an netmail to the workers the connection had never been stronger and its rising branch has never been much plastered, so almost of the workers held their stocks, because nothing could expect what was nigh to happen. In Texas, the Teachers privacy organisation at sea $35. 7 matchless thousand thousand in Enron stock, In Florida the premium parentage for teachers, asseverate employees, and county workers bought 7 one one million million million million shares of Enron stock (the storehouse that c all everyplaces 650,000 workers and 150,000 retirees direct they unconnected $306 million).In the completion millions in 401(k) savings were lost. Enron was privateness grand bolshiees by exploitation their scheme of comment to market place invoice. Fastow was as well run aground by an internal Enron investigation to engross in on the Q.T. make $30 million from managing one of these partnerships. distant of the confederation, Arthur Andersen, the gigantic method of accounting system unswerving trusty for Enrons accounting and by scrutinizeing, excessively shares some point for the scandal.In theory, companies cant get away with readiness their books because honest, individual accounting firms are looking for over their shoulders, defend the public. In the eccentric of Enron, however, Arthur Andersen failed at their duties. quartette old age in the lead Enron assure a careen loss of $618 million for the leash canton of 2001, one of Andersens enlighten lawyers send reveal a memoranda say his faculty to snap all Enron-related audit documen ts. Dvid Duncan got the upper limit condemn for his crimes is ten years. redit rate agencys doctrine paygrade agencies uniform b omits, tired & pitiables and foumart failed to inform investors how insecure purchase a companys bonds faculty be, failed to tinge any problems with Enron until the company was nearly bankrupt, only downgrading its bonds on 28 November 2001. t S&P and skunk told a lot reporter they had no idea how Enron make its money. The lack of regulations, and the considerably transaction with the clean House, allowed Enron to have major(ip) baffle over constitution in America. On economic policy, Enron cute set down deregulating with no organization interference.They got it. On expertness policy, Enron valued no caps on electricity prices in calcium. They got it. On revenue policy, Enron wanted reasoning by elimination of the unified alternative marginal tax. They got it. In the end these policies created the perfect surround for their wrong games. The net fount occurred end-to-end the year 2000 during the atomic number 20 electricity Crisis. The Enron traders exported the treypenny electricity from atomic number 20 to another(prenominal) situate and later they take it bandaging and exchange it for a high price. This causes 42 billion losses in California in three years.

Appeal to Aesthetics in Death in Venice Essay -- Literary Analysis

The prime(prenominal) and most frank instance of aestheticism and putrefaction as correlating themes in this base is the cognomen, closing in Venice. By fore-grounding the name of the metropolis in the title, Mann is bring out the citys key grapheme in the blossom out narrative. Mann aligns the contrive Venice with the word finis in the title. This creates a relationship in the midst of these two dustup - the word death strongly infuses the word Venice with on the whole its connotations. decease and declination are main(prenominal) ideas within the consideration of decadence. By crop nature the title relates the c one timepts of death and destruction to the city of Venice, which implies that the post is where a death will occur. However, this is paralleled by the opening of the story when Mann drearily tells of Aschenbachs stroll through with(predicate) Munich. In the learning of this passage it nternally decadent through his intemperateness in Tadzios ap pearance. He therefore changes his appearance to recreate his idol which in turn corrupts himself by turning him into the symbol of decadent populace he once despised. These themes of aestheticism and decadence, not in juxtaposition still in duality, are used oftentimes by Mann passim the novella.Works CitedMann, doubting Thomas, and Clayton Koelb. remainder in Venice a new translation, backgrounds and contexts, criticism. naked as a jaybird York W.W. Norton, 1994. Print.Ritters, Naoimi, and .Jeffrey B. Berlin. the Tradition of European Decadence. Approaches to teaching Manns Death in Venice and former(a) short fiction. impudently York Modern nomenclature Association of America, 1992. 86-92. Print.Shookman, Ellis, and Rene-Pierre Collins. Thomas Manns Death in Venice a novella and its critics. Rochester, NY Camden House, 2003. Print.

'Overseas discoveries could be used to suggest fundamental questions Essay

Overseas discoveries could be used to suggest fundamental questions about the values and standards of a civilisation (H. E - Essay ExampleIt pass on be argued that both writers represent a challenge to the burgeoning rise of cultural imperialism that was a force in their historical era. The historical context or accentuate of Shakespeares age and Montaignes, is important. Shakespeare and Montaigne both lived in an age when exploration and colonial expansion was in its early phase. At the forefront of the European expansion into the new world, was the early one-sixteenth century exploration and colonization of the West Indies, South and Central America1. What is important to note, is that colonization or colonialism brought with it an imperial set of attitudes and beliefs. The people of the new world were largely viewed as uncivilized, and the reconcile of reputation that they were living in was viewed as inferior to the European invaders. It is these attitudes, for example, tha t facilitated the enslavement of people. Likewise, what soon followed with colonial expansion, were missionaries or the missionary movement of the Catholic Church in Europe. Both slavery and the sentiment of missionaries, are premised on assumptions that the inferiority of a people legitimated their exploitation. That is, the missionaries goal was to civilize the people and take them by from what was perceived as barbaric practices. It is interesting to note that it took centuries before Europe was able to let go of its basically patriarchal views of people in the under develop world2. Expansion and colonization, was an important source of fascination for Europeans in the time of Montaigne and Shakespeare3. While Europe had a geographical and therefore, cultural connection with South and East Asia, the new world or the the Americas held a great deal of interest. Montaignes sources for his writing, were some of the written accounts of explorers who had encountered cultures in South America, and one of the elements that is signifi providet, is the connection with nature4. Montaigne writes of the people of the new world, in a way that can be described as paternalistic or patronizing, but also reverent in that he sees them as living in harmony with nature and they are, moreover, happy in this, that they moreover covet so much as their natural necessities require5. In Montaigne, there is the sentiment expressed as what subsequently became known as the theory of the noble savage6. That is, the perspective that civilization is essentially a corrupting force, and that people who live closer to a state of nature are more noble. Individuals who live in a state of nature, are living in a sustainable relationship with their environment. They consume only what they need, and are not reaching beyond the basic needs. In Montaignes world, there would very obviously been a contrast of lifestyles insofar as he would be immediately familiar with the folly of consumption. Lik ewise, the wealth and behaviors of Prospero and his noble visitors are presented as a stark contrast to the state of nature that the character of Caliban lives in as we shall see from the Tempest. It might be argued that Shakespeares Tempest represents a very early form of a critique of colonialism. Central to this perspective, is the figure of Caliban. The background to the story is that a nobleman from Italy or Milan, striked Prospero and his daughter Miranda are exiled on a faraway island. The only inhabitant on the island who Prospero and Miranda have contact with is a figure named Caliban. The name Caliban is believed to be

Highrate of college students dropout Research Paper

Highrate of college students bewilderout - Research Paper ExampleIn the college, a student receives a college degree when he/she completes this stagecoach of education system. While completing this cycle of education, if a student leaves in between, then he/she is considered to be a dropout student. Discussion Today, it is estimated that about 1.2 million students drop out each year in the United States, which makes USA 19th in the world. There are many possible reasons that can cause a drop out, which frequently includes poor grades, financial problems, bullying, family emergencies, depression, affable disorders, negative environment, boredom and lack of freedom (Nation Master). Drop Out Rate Drop out or discontinuing studies is one of the main issues of college students. The most significant factors involved in dropping out from graduating or completing studies are the financial, social and family factors or issues that play an definitive role in the lives of students. It is a fact that these three factors play a vital role in the increased dropout rate of student s from colleges, plainly the burden of studies and academics should never be ignored. The burden of academics and studies as well as play a vital role in forcing students to discontinue studies. These are the vital factors that cause prove in the students and force them to drop out their graduate courses (Nation Master). Academic Stress The most important cause of college students drop out is the regular pressure of studies that is experience in college students. The main source of causing this striving among college students is teachers and parents who look at high expectations from their students to obtain high scores in examinations. College student have to study grievous to get the expected results without taking care of their health. The academic essay also includes difficult class schedules, challenging tests and exams, increased workload. This is the most common cause of stress th at occurs in college students (David). Social Issues Social issues are another source of drop out for college students. This issue has a vital tinct, mainly a negative impact on student psychology. College students experience various stresses that are caused by social factors. These social factors include that college students sometimes have to leave their families to reside in hostels absent from their houses and families. When students leave their families, they have to communicate with other people at the place they reside. For example, they have to stay with roommates. The stress of coping with new methods and new people is also included in the social issues. Another issue under this category includes the pressure of balancing the time available among studies and friends. Another significant source of stress in college students is to tackle and cope with the dynamics of boyish adult relationship. These are the significant factors among the social issues that could have negati ve impacts on college students and affect their physical and mental health which ultimately lead to a drop out. Financial Stress In todays era, a student does not only have the burden of studies, but is also overburdened by financial stress. Students have to think about fulfilling their financial needs themselves at a very young age. They need money for their food expenses, education and books expenses, housing and lodging. College students also have to think about getting a part time job anyways studying so that they could earn money to fulfill their financial n

BU3019c Enterprise Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

BU3019c Enterprise Finance - Essay ExampleNo matter the size of the business, big or small, banks can be the response to financing. A bank can also finance a project based on the business needs. For instance, if a large successful business essential a new warehouse, a bank might advance cash.Big business generally have banks issue stocks or bonds on the market to foster bullion for their loans. This can generate money, but if the bank or stock fails, the results are disaster. For example, Northern oscillates Share price crashed after credit rating freezes in the interbank money market. Walayat (2007) explainsNorthern Rocks Share price crashed by 30% today as the mortgage bank sought emergency funds from the Bank of England due to the credit freeze in the interbank money market which Northern Rock heavily relies upon. Panic gripped savers forming long lines outside Northern Rock Branches throughout the UK to withdraw funds. Investors toss away the stock on the market open where even unsubstantiated rumors of takeovers and white knights failed to halt the crash in the banks share price. The tick chart for the Northern Rock bank decline is shown belowThe drawbacks for bank loans are two fold. First, most banks require collateral. If a party defaults on a bank loan, the bank will foreclose. Secondly, a business must have good credit. Without almost perfect credit, banks will not even consider giving a business a loan. The upside is most banks have lower interest rates than other means of investment. For example, (Simple Pound, 2007) reports that The Bank of England has a 5.5% interest rate. This is quite low considering credit cards charge up to three times that figure. The chart below shows the highs and lows in interest rate at The Bank of England over the years.Investments can be apply in various ways to finance a business (Loeb, 2007, 10). An international corporation, such as Microsoft, can sell stocks to generate financing for their

Analysis of U.S. Service Sector Grows Slow Essay

Analysis of U.S. Service Sector Grows Slow - Essay ExampleMany companies in the attend sector are highly dependent on their marketing efforts to achieve further harvest. Many experts are worried about the deceleration in growth in the serving sector. Carl Leahey, a senior Economist at Senior Economist stated, This survey shows a slow-moving service sector. That is pretty ofttimes in line with the market sense that though the economy has improved, it is still not growing very quickly (Bond, 2011). disrespect the worries of many scholars about the service sector there are other signs that showed major improvement in the U.S. economy such(prenominal)(prenominal) as the latest unemployment figures which showed a national unemployment rate of 8.6%. The childbed market is finally growing. These are great news for all Americans as employers should be aggressively recruiting new personnel. The total exports in the U.S are also on the rise. Exporting is angiotensin-converting enzyme of the primary expansion strategies used by marketers. The inventories of many companies are moving from contraction to expansion. The movement of merchandise from the United States to other countries is a great sign. Most companies in todays marketplace cannot survive by using solely a domestic strategy. International expansion is one of the most effective ways marketers are able to achieve growth. Despite slight decline in the service sector other important sectors such as the manufacturing industry showed positive signs. The ISM manufacturing report showed factory activity rising more strongly than expected in November. Some critical industries such as the auto industry showed tremendous results with a rise of 2.3% in comparison with the previous month. The Big 3 auto companies have been able to thread many customers due to their new innovative designs and fuel efficient vehicles. People are looking for value in their car purchases more than ever before. Despite the growth in manu facturing activity the commerce department claimed that the sales of overall manufacturing goods fell by 0.4% in November. One of the sectors that showed continued growth during the past troika months is the sale of durable goods. This article showed a lot of information regarding the economy of the United States and it emphasize in the importance of the service sector. Due to the importance of service jobs the United States as a whole has to do a better job of marketing its service industry. The U.S. has the potential to achieve a lot of growth by exporting services to other nations. There are many ways to increase the amount of service exports. One of the best ways is to hold back advantage of tools that have sour available due to the rise of the broadband age. In 2010 U.S. ecommerce sales generated $152.1 billion and it is expected to rise to $223.9 billion by the class 2014 (Plunkett Research, 2011). Many services such as business consulting, technical support and engineerin g services could be exported easily with the help of the internet. The U.S Chamber of Commerce has to become more proactive in their initiatives in order to market better the services that the United States can offer to the rest of the field. In 2010 the United States was the worlds top exporter of services with $515 billion (Latimes, 2011). Despite this fact the U.S. still has a lot of room to grow considering the fact that 80% of the U.S economy is found on the service industry. It is also interesting to know that he

Africa facing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Africa facing - Essay Examplet under developed countries, 37 of them are countries in Africa (Krabacher, Kalipeni & Layachi 3)Indeed Africa is underdeveloped and a majority of its member countries are considered by the outside world as third world counties. This can be attributed to a outlet of factors. One significant factor that has affected Africa is the presence of poor governance and frustrateion among government officials in near of its member countries. These leaders steal the fields wealth running the continent dry. some other factor that has attributed to Africas poor economy is pandemics especially HIV/AIDs. HIV/AIDs as killed a lot of people in Africa hence limiting its workforce (Krabacher, Kalipeni & Layachi 3). Governments have used billions of dollars in trying to eradicate the disease. This money could have been used for development.Another factor that has led to the underdevelopment of Africa is wars and conflicts. Countries have fort both internally and with ea ch other with the aim of controlling mineral resources. This has in cover scared investors past hence limiting the growth of Africas economy. Poor climate and inappropriate agriculture methods are another key factor that has limited Africas growth. This is because most of the African lands are covered with arid and semi-arid areas. Where there is good climate in Africa, people use poor farming methods which encourage soil eating away which renders land unsuitable for cultivation. Small scale farming is also a problem in Africa since most people do not produce diet for economic purposes.However, Africa is rising up, and its economy is rising steadily. African countries are taking measures to rid themselves of corruption and poor leadership. They are setting up commissions to investigate corrupt leaders and promote civic education on the choosing of appropriate leaders, governments are also investing a lot on infrastructure which is in turn attracting investors hence increasing its economy. Governments are also

Judiasm Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Judiasm - Essay ExampleOne needs to include the thinking of a advanced national identity that has a link with a specific land and culture and lastly, the description of Judaism must include the diverse sense of ethnicity allowing for secular Jews.Judaism cannot be generalized to refer solely or primarily to a religious faith as not all Jews believe in one God. in that location be some Jews who do not take part in the synagogue or home rituals. It is not, therefore, enough to say Judaism is merely faith among the many a(prenominal) world religions. It should be clear to people that Jew and Judaism are relatively upstart terms that need not be applied to the scriptural description of Judeans, Hebrews, and Israelites. This is to mean, the Judaism and Jews of this modern time have nothing to do with the scriptural description of the Hebrews, or the Christian scripture or the later church tradition.Not all Israelis are Jews, at the same time, it is important to understand that not a ll the Jews have a connection with the State of Israel. The scriptural Israelites should also not be overturned with the todays Israelis. At the same time, the Jews should not be confused with the Hebrews or the scriptural Hebrews in either the Old or New Testaments. In each obiter dictum above, the term Jew has a different meaning.Judaism celebrates having both rich weekly and annual calendar. In their calendar, the Sabbath becomes their holiest day. The Sabbath here begins from Friday night to Saturday night. Both the creation of the universe and the Egypt exodus are related to the Sabbath, hence because its holiness. The period 1000-1650 C.E is referred to as the medieval period by the Jews where their relation with the major cultures and religions of both Islam and Christianity, took place. During this period, there was a tormented relationship between Judaism and Christianity. The period is also marked with the expelling of the Jews from the major

Fuedal Relationships in Beowulf Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Fuedal Relationships in Beowulf - Essay ExampleBeowulf explains feudal relationships by his three battles and funerals in favor to get fame and recognition in his poem. Feudal relationships were thoroughly defined in the Beowulfs first battle referred to as Grendel. This would be elucidated in the story of King Hroogar who was the builder of the prestigious tower known as Heorot for his people. His wife Wealhboeow and his soldiers spent their time partying and singing in the hall until Gredell, a mammoth who is irritated by the rejoicing, attacks the hall, kills and demolishes Hroogars fighters as they sleep. N one and only(a)theless, Grendel does not interfere with Hroogars authority as it is termed to be considered by a powerful god. Hroogar and his chase, deserted against Grendels attacks leave Heorot. Beowulf, a fresh fighter from Geatland, overhears of Hroogars predicaments and goes to assist Hroogar. Beowulf and his followers spent the night in the Heorot with no weapon as Gr endel is resistant to human arms, and it would be unfair over the defenseless monster. Soon after Beowulf slept, Grendel gets into the building, attacks and demolishes one of the men. Beowulf has been faking sleep and jumps into clamp Grendels hand. ... In the second fight, Beowulf demonstrates feudal relationships (Murphy and Sullivan), as he is motivated to fight Grendels mother by the assurances that he has been promised by the Hroogar. Beowulf specifies several conditions to Hroogar in the event of his death including taking over his warriors and estates. Beowulf trails Grendels mother to her residence underneath the lake. He jumps in to the lake he is quickly place and attacked by Grendels mother. Nevertheless, she is not able to attack him and drags him to the sides of the lake. In a cave having Grendels body and the leftovers of the men that the two have killed, the two argon involved in a brutal fight. Owing that Beowulf is determined to win this battle in favor of Hroogal he kills Grendels mother and eventually becomes a king. This demonstrates that in those eras, people would be involved in evil in pursuit of prominence and recognition. According to Beowulfs poem, Feudal relationships are explained in the one-third battle as it clearly illustrate that Beowulf is ready to die in the battle with the dragon in the course of revenge. Beowulf with his combatants is determined to fight the dragon to revenge the burning of everything that was visible by the dragon. Due to the greed for prominence and recognition of Beowulf as a king, he decides to fight the dragon alone to the expense of his life. Unfortunately, in the course of fight, Beowulf is wounded and killed by the dragon. In the feudal relationships, it was the responsibility of the kinfolks to retaliate to their enemies to expense of their lives or by dying in the battle. In the feudal relationships, funerals of the heroes who were killed by fame hungry men contributed to naming the m as heroes. Beowulfs poem argues that in the

Breeze of Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Breeze of Change - Essay ExampleI knew I had to start working towards achieving my dreams. I did not want to be caught up by death before realizing my full potential. I needed to travel the military man and follow about different citizenry. I always felt that the future was in the air. Everywhere I went, I would feel the future blowing in the tramp of change. I had many things I wanted to change in my life and those of others. I hoped to see a world where people respected each others culture. I wanted a world where people rated and celebrated their diversity. Even up to today, I have always had the passion to learn other people culture, and I am glad I have partially done so. Because I believe this will enable me, understand and appreciate others. Early years were characterized by numerous trips to different countries. In every trip, I learned something that changed my life. My trips outside the United States helped me understand other peoples culture. I learned to accept other peoples point of views no matter how much they differed they were from my own. When I visited Bahai Temple in Wilmette in Illinois, I realized the significance of religion. Since I value my own religion and I promised myself to appreciate other peoples culture and religion. This was reinforced when I attended a Catholic-sponsored high school, which made me realize that Catholics are very loose of other religions. The experience changed my life and I wanted to be receptive to other peoples culture, and opinions. Attending college enabled me to meet people from different places. I learned the dynamics of socialization. A chance to be in the soldiery strengthened me physically and mentally. I realized that every experience was a lesson for me. Death has always scared me in some way. When my 14-year old cousin and my peachy uncle died on the same day, I realized how death could cut short our ambitions. It was traumatizing to see someone die at such an early age. I indomitable to l ive each day to the full and always do my best. When I completed a Bachelors degree in Art and History, I was excited. Nevertheless, I knew I had to find a job. The job searching process turned out to be tougher than I thought. My parents were at that place for me, and they taught me the importance of being there for others. However, I ended up deciding on doing volunteer work. It was an opportunity to touch other peoples lives. During my volunteer at Navajo Reservation, I realized of the sufferings that American Indians go through. During my work, I learned that no amount of textbook learning could teach us about new and unknown cultures. Working with people from diverse culture taught me how to deal with others. I was glad I took the opportunity to help them. My international trip to Mexico, Texas, Alabama, Georgia, North, and South Carolina helped me realize how rampant racism and intolerance were. People still judged others in terms of their culture. When I moved to Albuquerqu e in New Mexico, I was prepared for what lay ahead.

History reading assignment 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

History reading assignment 3 - Essay ExampleAt some point in her reign, she authorized foreign influence into her court. Products were imported from Europe during her reign. Even populations were imported from Europe including whole German colons that would later lead to the Russian-German conflicts. However, after 1518, Russia abandoned their Western sort and began making steps to their sources. Everything changed after 1815 with Nicholas I wanting Russian spoken at the court. The local population increased and doubled very twenty long cartridge holder and the military power increased, with the emperor claiming that despotism and despotism were not the same. The descriptions of Russia and St. Petersburg by the Marquis are very mediocre. He criticizes despotism banally as if it is something deja vu. The most teach parts are when Custine holds his talks with the empress and the Tsars and not with the reformists. Here, Custine enters the Russian exception core with Russian singula rity. In Custine words, Russian singularity has not been liquidated by Anglo-mania. The Tsar explains his political choices in impeccable French. He is aware that Russia is under fire. He says that, in Custines country, they entertain prejudices against the Russians that are more difficult to overcome than passions of an army in revolt (Abbott, 2012 p 92). In his own country, he had to tackle liberals yet he still defended despotism. It still existed in Russia, and it was the essence of his government and accorded the nation with genius. Custine was clairvoyant in his harsh review of Russia by claiming that by blocking the road to imitation in Russia, the Tsar was restoring Russia to her old self. Custine understands that Russia has imitated a lot of what the new propagation have brought, but they will be conservative, peculiar, and traditional. To their enemies, this produces a dilemma when they imitate, they are labeled as monkeys, but labeled Tartars when they attempt to be Rus sian. However, by the time of Nicholas, there was no more need to copy the western courts. Custine analyzes the democratic system as a parliament that acts as an nobleness of the orators that is substituted for birth aristocracy and that it is the government of lawyers (Abbott, 2012 p94). The Tsar is in agreement and adds that since the entire social and political defects of democracy are known, buying votes, seducing in order to deceive, and corrupting conscience. He contends that he disdains these things and that he has paid the price for being straightforward, but shall never more be a king of the constitution. Custine at this point still agrees with him and remarks that without aristocracy, only tyranny would exist and those aristocrats not bending to the leveling hand wielded by despotism existed in both monarchial governments and pure democracies. Custine was of the belief that the end of aristocracy would signal the set about of the end for the nations. He foresees in Tsar N icholas the perilous nature of a democracy ruled by a moneyed and ruthless aristocracy. Custine dreads the lawyers and the echo of the newspaper that are nothing, but speeches whose echo is around for twenty-four hours moreover, this is the despotism, which threatens the nations (Abbott, 2012 p94). Custine believes that the reasons that the Russians remained politically backward were because of religion and that the role of the church is fundamental. Custine then contends that the Russia of the time is still

Draw on relevant theories, the quote, and your own developing pedagogy Essay

Draw on relevant theories, the quote, and your own developing pedagogy to discuss and debate the fancy of partnership with par - Essay ExampleDemocratic practice is evident as teachers, adverts and even children share power equitably and each is given the citation and respect he or she deserves. Parent participation comes in the form of providing necessary information about the child, providing resources and attending special events to active participation in decision-making (Styles, 2000, p. 5). If parent participation in schools in strong in Italy, the same is desired for New Zealand and for anywhere else in the world. It would be ideal if parents not unaccompanied take part in early childhood classs but to be a part of such programs. In this sense, parent involvement is elevated to parent partnership with the school or childrens center. I believe partnership is a collaboration of parents and teachers/child workers as equals with regards to planning the early childhood program for children. ... Its strand of Mana Whenua or Belonging ensures that children and their families feel a sense of belonging in the childrens center (MOE, 1996). In my place of work, parents are considered important resources in our early childhood program. They are aware that they can be called upon anytime to help facilitate childrens development with the collaboration of the school. Evidently, Te Whaariki is one reflection of how the administration gives importance to educational partnership with parents. There is a mandate that requires ECE services to establish and sustain collaborative partnerships with parents/ guardians and whanau. The collaboration of the parents with the teachers/ child workers benefits all children, as their scholarship and development are promoted and extended in both home and childrens center/ preschool (Crown, 1996). The strategic plan for ECE Pathways to the Future Nga Huarahi Arataki (Crown, 2002) devotes an entire goal to promoting collaborative r elationships, including stronger linkages between ECE services and parents and whanau (Mitchell, Haggerty, Hampton, and Pairman, 2006, p. 4). Government initiatives to deliver high quality early childhood education to children obliges professionals in the field to comply with the highest standards in care and education for real young children and to forge strong partnerships with parents. However, Styles (2000) enumerates some obstacles in the formation of effective partnerships lack of time, busyness, lack of clarity about expectations, different priorities, staff turnover, and cultural differences (p. 6). Personally, I would welcome more ideas and suggestions from the parents of our students because I believe

Managing Human Error in Aviation Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Managing Human Error in Aviation - Article ExampleA co-pilot who always cedes to the judgment of the pilot hurts the team because no redundancy checks exist. The author attempts to review these errors which lead to disasters and create solutions to the problems.The article cites the 1978 United halolines crash where the pilot focused on the landing gear warning light and not the low fuel indicator. Although the co-pilot warned of the fuel problem, he was not emphatic enough. The jet crashed, not because of a wrong(p) warning light, but because the two pilots failed to act as an effective team. As a team, they stayed focused on the imagined landing gear problem.The second citation is the 1982 Air Florida crash in Washington, DC. Again, the copilot was uncomfortable with the aircrafts performance, in this case, airspeed indicators but again, the co-pilot failed to adequately state his concern. The jetliner crashed into the Potomac River. This crash pointed to the importance of colla boration sooner than a image of financial statement.One suggested a technological solution is smart computers. When these devices were tried in the flight simulators, oftentimes the pilot would concentrate on programming the computer rather than fly the aircraft in crowded airspace. The better solution was to turn off the computer and fly stick and rudder so the attention was on the airspace and former(a) traffic.Crew Resource Management (CRM) resolves these issues to some extent. CRM dissects the cultural, societal and company, psychological and social human factors in communications and decision making. A more collaborative counseling ensues from this training. All crew members can speak out on safety issues. One study showed an Asian based airlines pilots considered the chain of command to take precedence over safety.The net result is training teams, rather than leaders and followers.

Over the next 30 years, what are the risks to National Security posed Essay - 2

Over the next 30 years, what are the risks to National Security posed by increase competition for aptitude and food resources and what initiatives might Qatar pursue to reduce these risks - Essay ExampleMassive reliance on imports poses the risk of biological or chemic attack, or even intentional food contamination by international suppliers1. There is, therefore, a critical concern to national security when a hoidenish relies heavily on international supplies.Another key risk relates to price factors in both food and energy. Economic and political disturbances around the world turn out shockwaves to the affected states. In such an event, Qatar and other GCC members would be on the receiving end. The influence of global states when it comes to prices could cripple domestic operations designed to enhance national security. In other words, food security that primarily depends on international trade comes with price-based risks2.Finally, the risk of terrorism will heighten as compet ition for food and energy increases. To reduce these risks, Qatar will need to secure her imports from around the world, as well as enhance food security at the domestic level3. Most importantly, initiatives to split extremist groups and terrorists will play a fundamental role in reducing threats to national

Discussion wk 4 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion wk 4 - Assignment ExampleSimilarly, firms that are looking to minimize their risk even at a higher cost would go for conservative financing st ramblegies.Nominal interest rate is also termed as the stated interest rate. This interest rate does non include the compounding of the period or the time of the loan or investment and this interest rate is the simple interest rate. On the other hand, rough-and-ready interest rate considers the compounding of the period throughout the period of the loan or investment. Effective interest rate is used in order to read and compare the annual interest between loans or investment with different time periods. Generally, the nominal interest rate is less than the effective interest rate (Elias). Therefore the main factor that causes these two types of interest rate to differ is the period of the loan or investment.Elias, G. What is the difference between effective interest order and nominal interest rates?. Engineering Economy, 26 Jan. 2014.

1980s Latin America Debt Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

1980s Latin America Debt Crisis - Essay ExampleLatin American countries followed a plodding reliance on debt finance. First, increases in foreign debt in these countries were spiriteder than the revenues they had derived from their annual exports. In 1976, Mexico exported oil which paved the way for excess imports since cheap loans can be readily tapped. Brazil implemented a program of industrial expansion. Argentina and Chile established an overvalued exchange rate policy as an integral office staff of anti-inflationary strategy. Diverse government policies led these Latin American countries to defective exchange rate policies and excessive dependence on external capital flows.Another factor for the dour debt problem was the fact that state enterprises became the conduit for absorbing external resources. The government guarantee provided for foreign denominated loans was attractive to external lenders who had no information on the real pretend profile of the debtors. Public ent erprises implemented programs of investment which guaranteed direct control over the foreign exchange proceeds to the national government. (Wesson, 9)In the years after 1983, these countries suffered from capital outflows and from the stern slide in primary commodity prices. From 1983 up to 1986, Latin American terms of trade declined by 15 percent. Increased exports were negatively affected by falling prices. Countries. Argentina and Peru were especially hard hit. Mexico went into crisis due to falling oil prices in 1986.The lingering imbalance in the U.S. balance of payments contributed to the disadvantage of Latin America. The unify States buys manufactured imports from Asian Countries (NICs) while shutting off capital flows from Latin American countries. Japanese and European surpluses were sent to the United States to get higher place of investment. Economic growing in Latin America was supported by an import-substitution industrialization which protected the domestic indu strial economy by means of high tariffs, import duties, and government subsidies. The initial arrangement benefited the economy but by the late 1960s, it was beginning to negatively affect agriculture which provides the needed foreign exchange. The assiduity had expensive domestic inputs that resulted in making major Mexican agricultural exports uncompetitive. Government policies which controlled domestic food prices also discouraged the increase of food production. As the population increase, consumption rose, reducing the amount of food available for export. It became necessary either to generate more resources to satisfy the demands of the population, or to control or devolve such demands without undermining the peace of the ruling party. By 1970, Lus Echeverra Alvarez, was elected president. He implemented the policy of stabilizing development. Stabilizing development is the economic strategy which emphasized growth over equity. The assumption had been that these resources w ould trickle down to the poor. The Echeverra administration opted for a strategy of shared development. This policy would emphasize equity and growth by policies that channel a greater share of economic gains to Mexicos lower classes. Echeverra encouraged more aggressive trade unions and he rued that foreign investors and domestic businessmen for exploiting the country. As conflict increased and confidence in the administrations policies declined, capital flight began. The government was forced to devalue the Mexican peso twice. Echeverras anger and dismay led him to expropriate vast tracts of semiprivate agricultural land to give them to landless peasants. The presidents attempt to spend his way into growth and equity had clearly failed by 1976, when Jos Lpez Portillo succeeded him. Portillo assumed a conciliatory overture in the face of problems. He then decided to secure foreign funding using the vast petroleum reserves of Mexico. Finally, commercial bankers were lining up to lend Mexico money in an attempt to reinvest billions of petrodollars that Arab governments had placed on

Should Women Be Allowed in Combat Essay Example for Free

Should Women Be Allowed in Combat EssayFor centuries our women hasten been going into combat, so how come all of a sudden the conflict on whether they should or shouldnt has become such an uproar. When the women in tribes fought all over food and men during our beginnings, those women were undoubtedly in combat. And as the centuries went on, women warriors were not considered that unusual, for example at least four hundred women soldier fought in the civil war along side their male comrades, only to be know in that location gender once killed. So how is it that in todays society, we are so caught up with the though of women making their way into a male dominant world. Some say it is that women could not appoint with the emotions of killing another human being, that we are not mentally strong enough to handle the conditions of a war zone, and although physically they may not be a mans equal but when shooting a gun and being shot at there is no difference. Statistics have not b een able to enhance that men would be better at the military jobs, but only that history shows the solitary members of the army being men.However with modern technology warfare has greatly evolved and it relies more on So how is that our on There fore howcome, our main arugment is that women are not strong enough to fight, women are not fitting of the emotions brought through war This helps to show that women in combat are nothing new, and it is only modern times that we have thought of women as fragile and over emotional. Real women have saved lives, gone in to space, fought wars, invented, financed and designed everything from nuclear fission to radium, and from DNA to COBOL.Real women have overcome as many, if not more, obstacles and hardships than have men. Women pioneered, starved, reigned, battled, spied, strategized, and taught, doctored, nursed, reared families, started churches, and won political rights, yet few magazines, books, movies and television productions tell the se stories. Its not a gender thing, its not a sex thing, its not a specialness thing a highly trained, highly intelligent, strongly motivated person lavatory do any job the military has to offer and do it well. after(prenominal) all, the Amazons didnt cut off their breasts any more than the Legion of Thebes cut off their testicles and both groups won battles galore Women have been fighting for the right to be seen mentally and physically equal to the men in the Military, however how can they be seen as equal when the basic physical test has been altered so there is a chance for some women to be accepted in. Women on average only have 60% of the physical strength of men, and when put to the test the put across 20% of women equaled to the bottom 20% of men.Men are taught to honor and protect women, boys are taught not to hits misfires. I think this makes good sense and is an essential grammatical constituent of our civilization. Sending women into combat utter destroys those v alues and morals. Women are not suited by temperament or by physical characteristics for the highly aggressive, ultra-violent pursuit of achievement in battle. Much of an armys success depends upon intimidation of the enemy. A force composed of women is far less intimidating than one consisting of macho men. disincentive of the enemy saves lives in wartime. Already, the side effects of abandoning traditional female sterotypes likes the notiona that giels are extremely sensitive or have a unique role in nurturing an protecting children are apparent however girls are increasing becoming more in touch with their aggreseive instincest, leading to more girl on girl physical violence. Women should have every right to serve the country, however I do feel that service should stop when it come to front line battle.And those obdurate to make it to the front line should have to meet the exact same physical and mental critera of those as men. Australia is so terrified of being accused for se xism that we pass up to acknowledge that most of us shudder to the idea and thought of women being sent of to war. If a draft was reinstated, the women who have so called fought to show how men and women can be equal have now placed every other women in a position they were not fighting for.

Hawthorne effect Essay Example for Free

Hawthorne effect EssayIn todays competitive climate lots of business owners be trying to get more from their workforce at the same time still their employees be trying to get more from their jobs. Reward and erudition programs argon ane focussing that employers bunghole motivate their staff into changing their key behaviors and work habits, thus benefitting the business. At the same time these schemes can also give the employee that little bit particular(a) they are looking for from job.Motivation and reenforcement are closely linked and there have been many credible theories written on the subject. It is widely recognized that human beings have a need to feel valued, some(prenominal) in their home lives and in the work place. To keep people motivated they need to be encouraged, rewarded (where appropriate) or recognised in their endeavors.One of the most valued of the motivation theories was written by Abraham Maslow from the USA back in the 1950s. As part of his tuition into motivation Maslow developed a five tiered hierarchy of needs. He argued that the way to motivate individuals in the workplace and indeed in life is to gather the need sets one by one and in revisal. The first of the need sets and the most basic are the biological and physiological needs. These are survival requirements inhering into us and evolved with mankind for tens of thousands of years, things much(prenominal) as food, shelter, warmth etc. In Maslows model its these needs that need to be satisfied in front anything else, for example there is little point creviceing status as a motivator, when the individual has non yet satisfied basic requirements such as achieving a livable wage in order to eat, secure shelter etc.Reward SystemsPeformance at Mark-it-Down Co Ltd is not what it should be and it has been decided between senior mangement and the Human Resources department that the introduction of a reward scheme is whats required to motivate the workforce and i mprove performance overall.The squad in signal of deciding on the reward system to implement have come up up with the following suggestionsVariable Pay/Bonus SchemeA scheme of variable pay is one possible solution for the super marketplace. In this scheme a fate of the employees pay would be considered at risk. This portion of the wage will be rewarded according to the performance of the company as a exclusively, on the basis of personal acheivement or based on the results of a department or team (this would probably be the most effective for this type of commercial business)Targets will be set at the beginning of a specified period (per annum is the common period) at the end of this period depending on the how well the targets have been met, a percentage or full quantity of the at risk part of their pay will be paid to the individual. This payment could take a few different forms, possibly a cash bonus, a quantity of stock or shares in the business.Whilst monetary reward has be en proven to be effective and can encourage hard work amongst a team or individually, it has the disadvantage of impacting on profit do by the supermarket, for example if the grocery team meet their target for keeping the produce displays replenished to a delineate level, thence the whole grocery team will have earnt the bonus which must be paid from the profits. You also may have a stain where part of the workforce become demotivated, if their team or they personally have missed let out on a bonus.Bonus and pay based rewards are considered differently depending on which motivation theory you study. For example in Maslows hierachy of needs, financial remuneration is only mentioned at heart the first tier of the hierachy which covers the most basic and unmistakable survival needs (physiological needs) Money was not considered by Maslow be a long term motivator.Frederick Herzberg considered financial reward to be amongst his hygiene factors that is that money in itself is not a motivator only actually will only act as a dissatisfier if the individual feels that their financial expectations and requirements of the role are not being met.In contrast to Maslow and Herzberg, John Stacey Adams baron have argued that bonus schemes and pay related rewards can indeed be effective motivators. If the individual percieves that they are gettting a fair input to output balance in comparison to their peers eg, works hard (input) for a pay bonus (output) However that motivation through financial reward might not last. If the individual learns that a young man or peer is benefiting from a expose input to output ratio (eg doesnt work as hard, however gets paid more) then the individual can quickly become dissatisfied.PromotionThe introduction of a promotion programme could be a viable option. If the employees are aware that there is a realistic opportunity for them to progress within Mark It Down Co then they will likely feel motivated towards improving their standar d of work in the hope that they will be one of the employees chosen for promotion. Maslows heierachy of needs supports promotion as a motivator, hitherto depending on the person promotion/status as a form of motivation might be quite high up on the tiers and as such it would only work if the tiers below have already been satisfied. on that point could be several downsides to this however often with promotion comes a rise in salary for the individual, which will of course impact on any profit made by the supermarket. there might also be a risk of a culture developing within the company whereby individuals take the attitude that they are out for themselvesEmployee of the calendar monthOne of the suggested recognition programmes is an employee of the monthscheme. The idea is that all employees and managers are provided with a brief form to be used to nominate an employee that they believe deserves recognition (they should also explain the reasons behind there nomination)Due to the no minations for employee of the month being business wide not only is the playing field for recognition level, but there is the scope for recognising excellance in all of the different areas of the organisation. This reward system could be as low or high toll as Mark it Down Co directors see fit. There is support for this type of recognition reward in Elton Mayos Hawthorne Effect theory. following his studies of workplace behaviour at the Hawthorne Plant Chicago in the late 1920s and early 1930s Mayo deduced that emotional factors acted as far better motivators than economical ones, as such a reward scheme of this nature could be very effective indeed, not to mention low cost.On the downside employee of the mon th schemes can have a tendancy to be considered a little cheesy and may require a little perspiration on the part of the programme managers in order to keep all of the staff motivated to particiate by completing the nomination slips.Pass on PraiseSomething as simple as passin g on positive comments you have heard about an employee direct to the individual can have an extremely motivational effect. Again the hawthorne effect supports this belief. The praise could passed on by way of email, copying in managers or even with a visit to a senior managers office in order to run across thanks directly.The main advantage of this idea is that it costs nothing and is extremely easy to implement, however it may not be enough on its own, I would suggest that this tactic be used in conjunction with one of the other employee recognition schemes.All of the afore mentioned reward options have the potential to be effective, however the success of the chosen scheme could have a lot to do with theindviduals in nbeed of motivation. For instance in McGregors theory, the two employee types, X and Y differ greatly. What might motivate a Y employee (someone that is naturally happy to take on repsponsibilty and excepts work as part of life) might have the opposite effect on an employee of the X variety (someone thats avoids repsonsibility and needs to be heavily supervised. The type of employees to be motivated should be considered before a motivation and reward scheme is decided upon.Monitoring PerformanceThere are various ways to monitor the performance of your workforce. In the supermarket setting of Mark it Down Co, these could be tangible the number of sales made, the number of employees served, punctuality or attendance. There can be no disputing these types of performance indicators they are unambiguous and offer a realistic insight into the performance of a team or individual.Qualiative these indicators are based on opinions and judgements (the view of a supervisor or the such like). These indicators are just as substantial as physical ones but managers should be careful to ensure that any monetary standards of performance are considered fair by both the employees and employers.Goals and TargetsPerformance measurement can also be linked to the c ompanies appraisal system, that is performance can be measured by assessing progress made on targets and goals agreed at the previous review. Appraisals are valuable in this respect.In order to effectively monitor performance in this way it is important to ensure that your employees are aware of the difference between target and goal.Goals These are long term ambitions that should relate to the individual aims for progressing within the company.Targets These are the steps interpreted in order to achieve the goal. There is an acronym that can act as a guide for the criteria that any targets should adhere to. They should be Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Time bound. There is little point setting targets outside of these parameters.Monitoring progress towards identified goals and objectives as a way of determining who deserves reward does have its pros and cons though. On the one hand it can be considered an easily measurable method of monitoring performance, but on th e other (particularly when the goals and targets have been set for a team or group) it could be argued that the fact that a company/team or individual is achieving its set goals and targets is not a true indication of who has made the most effort towards making that happen and as such is not an effective method for identifying who should qualify for reward. This is an important thing to consider when applying motivation and reward schemes, as an wrong(p) or ill managed monitoring technique could be costly to a business. For example a company will not want to be handing out cash bonuses to a whole team for r all(prenominal)ing a set goal if it transpires that 3 out of 5 team members have made no improvement to their work output and had nothing to do with the teams progress or achievementWhen considering target setting as a way of monitoring progress and establishing where reward, praise or recognition should be given, serious thought should be given to how the company plans on pinp ointing exactly who has been responsible for progress, both positive and negative.BenchmarkingAnother way to monitor company performance is to measure its successes and failures against those of other businesses in the same market. For example Mark it Down Co could measure its sales figures against one of its competitors, Lidl for instance. This method is known as bench marking andits all about taking the best practices of the highest achieving businesses in the same market and applying them back in the business in question.Job EvaluationIts has been brought to management attention that one of the employees at Mark it Down Co believes that he is receiving less salary for the same work as one of his peers. The following two methods can be used to evaluate the jobs of the individuals in question in order to assess whether theses concerns are justified or not.Job RankingJob ranking is one of the simplest methods of job evaluation. Its considers the job as a whole and ranks it against a nother whole job within the organisation. This is usually carried out by the raters comparing the jobs using their general knowledge of the roles themselves. The jobs are ranked in order of the difficulty of the job itself or the importance of the role to the company. The procedure is followed for each department and then a comparison of jobs at all levels is made and jobs are given grade levels which define salary groups.The job ranking method is easily understood by all employees and simple to administer, however it does have its disadvantages, this technique is not really suitable for large organisations with complex structures where its is much harder to gain familiarity with all of the job roles. With this in mind it is probably not the solution that should be used at Mark it Down Co Ltd.Point Factor MethodThe point factor method establishes job values by assign points to each area within a group of defined factors, below are some examples but there any many different factors that could be defined further and given points in order to be used for job evaluationSkill Within this group there might be points available for, experience or training.Effort The points available for effort might be divided between mental and physical effort.In this method each job is rated using the defined points system. The points are totaled to form the final score for that particular role. From there jobs are grouped into salary grades (jobs with similar points ratings would be placed together in the same salary grade) This method can be tailored to meet the needs of specific companies and is suitable for use within larger organisations where there are a large number of jobs to evaluate. Its an easy model to work with once its in place but can be very expensive and time consuming to develop in the first instance. In my opinion the point factor method would be a the better job evaluation model to use for Mark it Down Co. Job ranking is just too simplistic to cope with the join of individuals roles at this organisation. The factors I think should be used to develop the point system are as follows Skill Experience, Training, Ability, EducationResponsibilities Monetary, Supervisory, ReportingEffort Mental, PhysicalEnvironment Job Location, HazardsIn order to establish if the employee in question has a case for querying the wage he is on in comparison to his colleague. His overall score for the above factors should be calculated in order to establish his pay bracket. If the pay grade is the same as that of his colleague then his concerns are justified and his wage should be brought into line. If it is not and he is in a lower wage group then there is no case for a wage increase. Equally if the individuals wage bracket is determined to be higher than that of his colleagues then his wage should be adjusted to reflect as much.